Kyrgyzstan’s Supreme Muslim Council Supports Niqab Ban
The Supreme Muslim Council of Kyrgyzstan has officially voiced its support for the governmental ban on the wearing of the niqab, a garment traditionally worn by women that covers the entire body except for the eyes. This ban, enacted earlier this year, imposes a fine of 20,000 som, equivalent to approximately 30,000 Icelandic krona, on anyone found wearing a niqab in the country. This fine represents over half of the average monthly salary in Kyrgyzstan.
Public Safety Concerns and Cultural Identity
In a public statement, the Supreme Muslim Council declared that the niqab is not culturally appropriate for Kyrgyzstan and pointed out that criminals and wrongdoers could exploit the garment as a disguise. The council emphasized that the ban is crucial for public safety and urged citizens not to cover their faces.
The Driving Force Behind the Ban
Sharapatkan Mazhitova initiated the push for the ban, highlighting that in the city of Osh, located in the southern part of the country, one in four women reportedly wears a niqab. Her campaign also targeted long beards worn by men, although no formal legislation has been enacted against them.
Distinction from Neighboring Countries
The ban does not extend to hijabs, which cover a woman’s hair and neck. In contrast, Kyrgyzstan’s neighboring countries, including Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan, have banned hijabs in schools, workplaces, and public buildings. In these countries, authorities have conducted street searches and compelled men to shave their beards.
Combating the Rise of Islamism
The media in Central Asia reports that the niqab ban is part of a broader governmental effort to counter the growing influence of Islamic fundamentalism, or Islamism, in the region. Although the majority of Kyrgyzstan’s population is Muslim, approximately 90%, there has been a noticeable increase in Islamist movements since the country gained independence from the Soviet Union. Between 2013 and 2015, thousands of Central Asian residents joined jihadist groups during the peak of influence of organizations like the Islamic State.
Historical Context and Future Implications
Kyrgyzstan’s decision to ban the niqab reflects a complex interplay of cultural, religious, and security concerns. Historically, the region has seen a blend of Islamic traditions with secular Soviet influences, creating a unique cultural landscape. The rise of Islamist groups and the influence of external jihadist ideologies have put additional pressure on Central Asian governments to address potential threats to national security and social cohesion.
Public Opinion and Social Impact
Public opinion on the niqab ban in Kyrgyzstan is divided. Some citizens support the ban, viewing it as a necessary step to preserve national identity and ensure public safety. Others criticize it as an infringement on personal freedoms and religious expression. The ban has sparked debates about the balance between security measures and individual rights, highlighting the challenges faced by governments in multicultural and multi-religious societies.
Conclusion
The niqab ban in Kyrgyzstan is a significant development in the country’s efforts to navigate the challenges posed by rising Islamist influences while maintaining its cultural heritage and national security. As the situation evolves, the government will need to continue addressing the concerns of its diverse population, ensuring that policies are both effective in maintaining public safety and respectful of individual rights.